Class 7 Topic-Poem Somebody’s Mother

                                  Topic-Poem  Somebody’s Mother

 Answer the following questions
1)      How did the  mother look?
                     OR
How was the mother?
               Ans: The mother was old , ragged and grey. Her body bent with chill of winter. Her feet were aged and slow
2)      How was the street?
Ans: The street was wet with recent snow.
3)      Why was the street wet?
Ans: The street was wet due to recent snow.
4)      Why did the old lady stood at the crossing?
Ans: The old lady stood at the crossing because she was physically weak to cross the road on her own.
5)      Why didn’t the school children help the old lady?
Ans: The school children didn’t notice the old lady. The children were happy to come out from school. They came out happily shouting with laughter “like a flock of sheep”.
6)      Why the old lady was afraid to stir?
Ans: The old lady was afraid to stir because she was meek, timid and the road was slippery.
7)      Who came forward to help the old lady?
Ans: A young troop member came forward to help him.
8)      How did the young ,man help the old lady?
Ans:  The old lady placed her hand on the arm of the young man. He guided the trembling feet and they moved forward.
9)      Why was the young man happy?
Ans: The young man felt happy because he was satisfied by helping the old lady.
10)   What did the young boy tell his friends?
Ans: He told his friends that She might be  somebody’s mother and they should know. 

CHANGE INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES FROM DIRECT TO INDIRECT SPEECH

 

• DATE- 27/10/2020

•  Change the following from direct narration to indirect narration:

  1) He said to me, “Have you taken the breakfast?”
• 2)They said to me, “did u go to temple?”
• 3)I said to him, “are you feeling well?”
• 4) I said to him, “are you feeling well?”
• 5)He said to me, “do you like books?”
• 6)She asked his brother, “why are you crying?”
• 7)She said, “when will they come?”
• 8)Doctor said to him, “what is your name?”
• 9)She said to me, “how are you?”
• 10)She said, “Will he participate in the dance competition?”

• 
  

Change the following interrogative sentences into indirect speech

 

via GIPHY

                           

             1.       Christopher, "Do you want to dance?"

2.       Mark, "Has John arrived?"

                         3.       Elisabeth,"Did you watch the latest film?"

4.       Mandy, "Can I help you?"

                              5.       Andrew, "Will Mandy have lunch with Sue?"

CHANGE INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES FROM DIRECT TO INDIRECT SPEECH

 Change the following from direct narration to indirect narration:

1)She said to me, “Is he an honest man?”

2)The boy said to the shopkeeper, “Do you sell sweets?”

3)The fox said to the crow. “Are the grapes sour?”

4)The father said to his son, “Do you hear a noise?”

5)John said to his friend, “Did you not go to your office today?”

6)He said to the passerby, “Do you need my help?”

7)She said to me, “Has he invited you to dinner?”

8)You said to her, “Will you come to my house today?”

9)The student said to the teacher, “Sir, May I go home?”

10)She said to her, “Can you solve my problem?”

11)He said to you, “Is it not a surprise for me?”

12)She said to the boys, “Did you play a match yesterday?”

13)My mother said to him, “Will you help me in this matter?

14)I said to her, “Will you keep quiet for some time?”

15)The lady said to us, “ Will you attend the party today?"

INDIGO -author - LOUIS FISCHER(1896-1970)

 

INDIGO

Q. 1. How did Shukla succeed in persuading (request,bring or demand) Gandhiji to visit Champaran ?

Or

What made Gandhi to surrender to the wish of Rajkumar Shukla and board a train to Patna in Bihar ?                                                                                                  Ans. Rajkumar Shukla wanted Gandhiji to visit Champaran to take up the cause of sharecroppers there. Gandhiji told Shukla that he had an appointment in Kanpur. He was also committed to go to other parts of India. Shukla followed Gandhiji to the ashram. He went to Calcutta when Gandhiji arrived there. Gandhiji was impressed by his tenacity and story. They boarded the train for Patna.

Q. 2. Why did Rajkumar Shukla want to take Gandhiji to Champaran?

Ans. Rajkumar Shukla was a poor peasant sharecropper from Champaran in Bihar. He had come to the Congress session to meet Gandhiji. He wanted Gandhiji to visit Champaran to see the miserable condition of the peasant sharecroppers at the hands of the British indigo planters. They were victims of the injustice of the landlord system in Champaran.

Q. 3. What did the servants at Rajendra Prasad's house take Gandhi to be? Why was he not allowed to draw water from the well ?

Ans. Shukla led Gandhi to Rajendra Prasad's house in Patna. He was out of town. Dr. Prasad's servants knew that Shukla was a sharecropper. So they took Gandhi also to be a poor peasant of a low caste. He was not allowed to draw water from the well because he could pollute the water.

Q. 5. Why didn't Gandhi go straight to Champaran but stayed first at Muzaffarpur?

Ans. Gandhi thought it advisable(sensible) to go first to Muzaffarpur. It was en route to Champaran. He wanted to collect more information about conditions prevailing there. Therefore, he sent a telegram to Professor J.B. Kripalani. He stayed for two days in the home of Professor Malkani. Even Muzaffarpur lawyers called on Gandhi to brief him.

Q. 4. Why did Gandhi chide(scold) the lawyers of Muzaffarpur ?                           

Ans. Muzaffarpur lawyers called on Gandhi to brief him. They had frequently represented peasants in courts. Gandhi chided them for collecting big fees from the poor sharecrop­pers. When peasants were so poor and crushed, it was inhuman to charge heavy fees from them.

Q. 5. What was the long-term contract or agreement that English landlords had made with the sharecroppers of Champaran ? How was it exploitative ?

Ans. Most of the arable(cultivating) land in Champaran district was owned by English landlords. Indians were only their tenants. Indigo was the main commercial crop. The landlords compelled(forced) all tenants to plant 15% of their land with indigo. This long-term agreement was enough to twist the arms of the peasants. They had no freedom of their own.

Q. 6. Why did the indigo planters obtain new agreements from the sharecroppers to pay them compensation ? Why did many sign willingly ?                       (Imp.)

Ans. Germany produced synthetic indigo. Now the plantation of indigo was no more profitable. The landlords wanted to free the peasants from the 15% agreement. For this free­dom, they demanded compensation from the sharecroppers. Many of them signed willingly as the previous 15% arrangement was not liked by them.

Q. 7. How did even illiterate sharecroppers see through the trick and fraud of the English landlords ? Why did they want their money back ?                          (Imp.)

Ans. Germany had invented synthetic indigo. Now indigo plantation was no more profi­table. Even the illiterate peasants could see through the trick and game of the landlords. The landlords demanded compensation for freeing the peasants from the 15% agreement. The peas­ants refused. Therefore, they were not ready to pay the compensation and demanded their money back.

Q. 8. What was the reaction of the peasants when they heard that Gandhi was in trouble with the authorities ? How did Gandhi help the authorities ?

Ans. Gandhi received a summon to appear in court. The next day thousands of peasants had assembled in Motihari. They didn't know much about Gandhi. But they knew that he had come there only to take up their cause. Thousands of them held a demonstration. The officials felt powerless. Gandhi helped the authorities to regulate the crowd.

Q. 9. Gandhi was involved in a 'conflict of duties'. What did he decide in the end and why? (Imp.)

Ans. Gandhi was involved in a 'conflict of duties'. On the one hand, he didn't want to set a bad example. He didn't want to be a law-breaker. On the other hand, he couldn't give up the cause of the poor peasants of Champaran. Therefore, he heard the 'voice of conscience' in the end. He decided to disobey the order.

Q. 10. How could Gandhi persuade the lawyers to follow him into jail ?

Ans. Many prominent lawyers of Bihar came to confer with Gandhi. Gandhi asked what they would do if he was sentenced to prison. A senior lawyer told frankly that they would go home. Gandhi asked them about the injustice done to the sharecroppers. The lawyers felt ashamed. They finally declared that they were ready to'-follow' him into jail.

Q. 11. "Civil disobedience had triumphed, the first time in modern India". Justify this statement.(Imp.)

Ans. Gandhi was asked to leave Champaran by an official order. He respected the lawful authority. But the Voice of conscience' made him disobey the order. Thousands of peasants, held a huge demonstration. The government was baffled. The officials felt helpless. Gandhi was released without bail. So civil disobedience had triumphed for the first time in modern India.

Q. 12. How was the settlement for compensation reached between the English planters and the sharecroppers ? Describe Gandhi's role in it.                (Imp.)

Ans. The official enquiry had collected many evidences against the English landlords. They were under pressure to make refunds to the peasants. They thought Gandhi would press for the full repayment. But he asked only for 50%. The landlords offered to refund 25% of the money. To their surprise, Gandhi agreed. So the settlement was adopted unani­mously by the commission.

Q. 13. The settlement of 25% refund to the farmers appeared rather small. Why did Gandhi agree to it and how did events justify his position ?               (Imp.)

Ans. According to the settlement, the planters were to refund 25% of the compensation money to the peasants. The achievement appeared to be rather small but events justified his position. But for Gandhi the amount of refund was less important. More important was the fact that the landlords were forced to surrender part of their right. So he agreed to the settle­ment.

Q. 14. What did Gandhi do to remove the cultural and social backwardness in the Champaran villages ?

Ans. Politics and economic issues were important. But for Gandhi the cultural and social backwardness in the Champaran villages was a curse. He wanted to do something about it immediately. Many more volunteers came from other parts of India. Primary schools were opened in six villages. Kasturbai taught cleanliness and sanitation. Gandhi got a doctor to volunteer his services for six months.

Q. 15. 'The Champaran episode was a turning point in Gandhi's life’? How do you justify it ?

Ans. The Champaran episode was really a turning point in Gandhi's life. It began not as an act of defiance. It was an effort to remove the distress of poor peasants. The success of Champaran justified Gandhi's ways and means. It gave a message. The Britishers were dreaded and unquestioned but now they could be challenged by the Indians. The success of Champaran was the success of peaceful Civil Disobedience in modern India.

Q. 16. How did Gandhi teach us a lesson in self-reliance ? Why did he oppose taking help from C. F. Andrews ?                                                                 (V. Imp.)

Ans. Gandhi wanted to mould 'a new free Indian'. He wanted Indians to stand on their own feet. Some of his followers wanted C.F. Andrews to stay in Champaran and help them. Gandhi opposed it. He didn't want Indians to take the help of an Englishman in their struggle for freedom. So he taught a lesson in self-reliance.